Among the plans analyzed, Lewin estimates that up to 48.9 million uninsured could be covered under a bill proposed by Rep. Pete Stark (D-Calif.). At the other end of the spectrum, a bill introduced by Rep. Sam Johnson (R-Texas) would result in a net loss of coverage of 283,000.

According to Lewin's cost estimates, total health spending could be as high as $64.1 billion - under a bill proposed by Sen. Mike Enzi (R-Wyo.) - or it could result in a net savings of $58.1 billion under Stark's bill.

All coverage and cost estimates are for 2010 and are based on the assumption of full implementation in 2010.

"In the long run, it will not be productive to focus only on the impact of reform policies on federal, employers' or families' budgets," the authors wrote. "Instead, we must move forward while watching the number that really matters - the more than $2 trillion we spend collectively as a nation on healthcare each year. This ultimately determines the size and growth of all participants' budgets."